Pathogenesis of ruminant mastitises

Health disorders of the udder include: Inflammation of gland parenchim (mastitis), milk lead system (galactoforitis) and nipples (telitis); nipple and gland injuries; functional disturbance; deformities; gland skin disease (as itself or as a symptom of basic illness); pathological swelling of udder; udder lymph system disease (lymph nuts and leads). These disturbances are mostly autonomous in their appearance. However, on the basis of different diagnostic and prognostic view-points it is clear that there is a connection between them. As udder diseases and functional disturbances, mastitises are most frequent and significant because of their characteristics (spreading of illness, economic importance, treatment). Aggregate results of bacteriology in milk samples revealed significant differences of the frequency of Staphyloccoccus aureus, a possibly saprophytic microflora, and the negative yields between examination periods. Obviously, nipple immersion into the disinfectant would reduce the population of specific bacteria and stop them from occupying the tips of the nipples and the distal portions of the ductis papilaris. Thus the aim of nipple disinfections after milking is not to eliminate an already existing infection but to prevent the udder-to-udder or cow-to-cow transfer of the microflora. Zdravstveni poremecaji vimena obuhvataju: upale parenhima zlezde (mastitis); sistema mlekovoda (galaktoforitis) i sisa (thelitis); povrede sisa i tela zlezde; funkcionalne smetnje; deformitete; oboljenje koze vimena, bilo samostalno ili kao simptom osnovnih bolesti; patoloske edeme vimena; oboljenja limfnog sistema vimena (limfnih cvorova i limfnih sudova). Ove smetnje uglavnom se javljaju nezavisno jedne od drugih. Ipak, uzimajuci u obzir sva prethodna saznanja, diferencijalno-dijagnosticka i prognosticka stanovista, cesto je jasno uocljiva uska povezanost izmedju pojedinih smetnji. Narocito su mastitisi patogenetski visestruko vezani za smetnje i oboljenja vimena. Oni, medju oboljenjima vimena, u svakom pogledu imaju najvazniju ulogu (sirenje bolesti, ekonomski znacaj i primena tretmana). Ukupni bakterioloski rezultati uzoraka mleka pokazali su znacajne razlike u ucestalosti pojavljivanja Staphylococcus aureus, moguce saprofitske mikroflore i negativne rezultate izmedju perioda ispitivanja. Ocito je da uranjanje sisa u dezinficijens smanjuje brojnost populacije patogenih bakterija i sprecava njihovo razmnozavanje na vrhovima sisa i distalnih delova ductus papilaris-