Haemoperitoneum due to Spontaneous Bleeding from Uterine Leiomyoma

Background: Uterine leiomyoma is the most common pelvic tumor in women. Grave complications from this benign tumor are infrequent though can be life-threatening. This report is of a rare case of haemoperitoneum secondary to spontaneous bleeding from a uterine leiomyoma. Case Report: A 36-year-old single female presented with generalized acute abdominal pain and weakness. Clinical examination revealed a distended abdomen with initially stable vital signs. Few hours on admission, her vital signs became unstable. After assiduous resuscitation, abdominopelvic ultrasound scan (USS) and computed tomography imaging of the abdomen showed an intraperitoneal fluid collection and multiple large pedunculated subserosal uterine leiomyomata. Emergency laparotomy was performed, and the bleeding blood vessel overlying the anterior surface of the largest pedunculated subserosal leiomyoma was identified and ligated. The uterine myomas were excised completely and histology corroborated the diagnosis of benign leiomyomata. The postoperative period of the patient was uneventful. She was discharged from the hospital without complications on the seventh day of admission. Conclusion: Haemoperitoneum secondary to spontaneous bleeding of uterine leiomyoma is rare. Surgeons should consider the probability of this complication in women with acute abdominal pain and a history of uterine leiomyoma.