Short recent summary review on evolving phase change material encapsulation techniques for building applications

As the world deviates towards sustainability in buildings due to massive increase in energy demand, the effective integration of Phase Change Material (PCM) in buildings gained substantial attention. The capability of PCM in enhancing the thermal performance of buildings relies heavily on the encapsulation technique used as it is in direct link with enhancement techniques required for upgrading thermo-physical, chemical and environmental PCM properties. The current study reviews shortly recent literature involving PCM integration in buildings and highlights different encapsulation techniques used for their proper active and passive incorporation. It also summarizes recent methodologies of properties enhancements prior to encapsulation. Preliminary results reflect the importance of proper encapsulation using the five distinct techniques: direct mixing, imbibing, shape-stabilization, macro-encapsulation and micro-encapsulation. Commercialization of macro-encapsulated PCMs is dominant over other techniques, where micro/nano-encapsulation technique is still limited and requires further study being the most promising.