Molecular Mechanism and Agricultural Application of the NifA-NifL System for Nitrogen Fixation

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria execute biological nitrogen fixation through nitrogenase, converting inert dinitrogen (N ) in the atmosphere into bioavailable nitrogen. Elaborating the molecular mechanisms of orderly and efficient biological nitrogen fixation and applying them to agricultural production can alleviate the "nitrogen problem". is a well-established model bacterium for studying nitrogen fixation, utilizing nitrogenase encoded by the gene cluster to fix nitrogen. In , the NifA-NifL system fine-tunes the gene cluster transcription by sensing the redox signals and energy status, then modulating nitrogen fixation. In this manuscript, we investigate the transcriptional regulation mechanism of the gene in autogenous nitrogen-fixing bacteria. We discuss how autogenous nitrogen fixation can better be integrated into agriculture, providing preliminary comprehensive data for the study of autogenous nitrogen-fixing regulation.