Intestinal mRNA expression analysis of polarity‐related genes identified the discriminatory ability of CRB3 as a diagnostic marker for celiac disease

Background Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. It is well established that the integrity of epithelial tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CD. These junctional complexes contribute to the apical–basal polarity of the intestinal epithelial cells, which is crucial for their proper functioning. Methods Sixty CD subjects, and 50 controls were enrolled in the current study. Mucosal samples were obtained from the distal duodenum, total RNA was extracted and complementary DNA was synthesized. The relative expression levels of the desired genes were evaluated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction based on ΔΔCt method. The gene–gene interaction network was also constructed using GeneMANIA. Results CRB3 (p = .0005), LKB1 (p .05). CRB3 represented a significant diagnostic value for differentiating CD patients from the control group (p = .02). Conclusion The aim of the current study was to evaluate the changes in the mRNA expression levels of SCRIB, PRKCZ, LKB1, and CRB3 genes in the small intestinal biopsy samples of CD patients in comparison to the healthy control subjects. Our data uncover the importance of polarity‐related genes (especially CRB3) in CD pahtomechanism, that may facilitate the planning of the future studies looking for finding innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CD. Intestinal epithelial apical–basal polarity plays a pivotal role in controlling epithelial AJs and TJs. Our data uncover the importance of polarity‐related genes (especially PRKCZ) in CD pahtomechanism, that may facilitate the planning of the future studies looking for finding innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CD.