ParaDefender: the parallel supervision for cybersecurity based on ACP

Cybersecurity originated from the theoretical testing of computer networks.With the development of information and communication technology (ICT), cybersecurity threats present the ＆quot;4V＆quot; characteristics of high source volume, many varieties, process not visibility, and high-value losses.This is accompanied by a double change in the formation and complexity of cyberspace.With the recent rising of metaverse, the human-centered cyberspace has the ability to map the real world and exposes the real world to cybersecurity threats.However, cybersecurity supervision does not keep up with the changes in cyberspace and still seeks solutions in cyberspace.A parallel supervision system for cybersecurity, ParaDefender was introduced, which was constructed based on artificial systems, computational experiments and parallel execution of ACP method to improve the current dilemma of cybersecurity supervision from the perspective of cyber-physicalsocial systems (CPSS).We demonstrated provided the application solutions