Pilot Study on Gut Microbiota Profile in Indian Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Non-genetic factors like microbial dysbiosis may be contributing to the increasing incidence/progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). To analyse the gut microbiota profile in Indian children with T1DM and its effect on glycaemic control. Faecal samples of 29 children with T1DM were collected and faecal microbial DNA was extracted and subjected to 16S rRNA (ribosomal RNA) sequencing and further analysis. The dominant phyla in children with T1DM were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Butyrate-producing bacteria and showed a significant negative correlation with the glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels ( < 0.05). and were important negative predictors of glycaemic control ( < 0.05). Our study suggests that Indian children with T1DM have a distinct gut microbiome taxonomic composition and that short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria like and (butyrate-producing) may play an important role in the glycaemic control of subjects with T1DM.