Ameliorating a vertical axis wind turbine performance utilizing a time-varying force plasma actuator

Controlling wind flow on vertical axis wind turbine blades is an effective technique for enhancing their performance. Modern equipment such as plasma actuators have gained significant attention for their ability to control, and improve the flow behavior in wind turbines. Previous studies have primarily focused on investigating plasma actuators with constant force. In this study, plasma actuators with varying forces over time were applied to the turbine blades. An unsteady 2D model was used to analyze the wind turbine. The sliding mesh model was employed to simulate rotor rotation, and the SST k - ω model was utilized for turbulence modeling. Initially, the performance of the clean turbine was examined. In the next step, the plasma actuators with different force waveforms were applied to the wind turbine blades, including constant, sine, cosine, positive ramp, negative ramp, pulse in the first half-cycle, and pulse in the last half-cycle waveforms. The results indicated that the cosine, and sinusoidal waveforms, led to the greatest improvement with 37.28% and 35.59% increase in the net energy produced by the turbine, respectively, compared to the baseline case.