Setting Policy for Road Fatalities Reduction in Country by using System Dynamics Method

Everywhere in the world, three factors including: human, road and vehicle (car), have decisive role in road accidents, although their effects may be different for different countries. Also each of mentioned factors has a variety of aspects. In this paper, first the assumptions and variables involved in road fatalities is identified, then causal and flow diagrams and the complete model are explained, then by using system dynamics method and simulation via Vensim software according to collected data, several policies were proposed for reducting road accidents’ fatalities. All of improving strategies like: improving road relief, improving car and road quality, and increasing police presence on the roads, have been applied on dynamic model. Based on simulation results, human factor is the most important factor in ocurring accidents, investment on this area can play a major role in reducing the number of victims in accidents. Training correct traffic culture from childhood and using helpful spots, is one of the useful solution which has showed its effect on the model. Also at the same time this can reduce time of matching with new rules for drivers. According to simulation resultas, all of mentioned policies are effective in decreasing accidents’ victims specially for short-time period due to considering standards as constant amounts for simplifying the assumption. The best strategy in long term, is reducing attractiveness of road travels by allocating budgets to other means of transportation.