Thermal performance and heat storage behaviour of three pots improved cookstove

•This cookstove consists of three burners which enables best utilization of heat.•Developed improved cookstove is easier to maintain heat, produces less smoke, and cooks faster.•This cookstove is a more efficient cooking choice, as well as a viable solution for better health. The use of biomass cookstoves is widespread in the household sector of developing nations. Still, these stoves are inefficient and emit a lot of pollution, including gaseous pollutants such as CO, particulate matter, and other pollutants, due to insufficient thermal and combustion efficiency. The three pots improved cookstove was developed to enhance cooking efficiency for rural and low-income urban homes to address these issues. This cookstove consists of three burners that enable best heat utilization as it permits cooking on three pots simultaneously. Statistical analysis was made with ANOVA tool and t-test. The results were found significant at 5% level of significance. Moreover, developed cookstove has thermal efficiency and power rating of 34.45% and 1.72 kW, respectively. Typical CO, CO2, PM2.5 emissions were recorded as 8.8 ppm, 628 ppm, and 0.97 μg/m3, respectively based on findings of emission test. Although increased cookstove adoption is critical to addressing the public health issue, efforts to distribute cookstove technologies have been hampered, and adoption rates in many developing nations are reported to be very low. Thus, the policymaker should think about implementing such a cooking system in rural areas that minimizes the amount of fuelwood used and preserve the environment.