Mesenchymal stem cells‐derived extracellular vesicle‐incorporated H19 attenuates cardiac remodeling in rats with heart failure

Cardiac remodeling is manifested by hypertrophy and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, resulting in the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as modifiers of cardiac remodeling. In this study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of H19 shuttled by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)‐derived extracellular vesicles (EV) in cardiac remodeling upon heart failure (HF). Using the GEO database, H19, microRNA (miR)‐29b‐3p, and CDC42 were screened out as differentially expressed biomolecules in HF. H19 and CDC42 were elevated, and miR‐29b‐3p was decreased after MSC‐EV treatment in rats subjected to ligation of the coronary artery. MSC‐EV alleviated myocardial injury in rats with HF. H19 downregulation exacerbated myocardial injury, while miR‐29b‐3p inhibitor alleviated myocardial injury. By contrast, CDC42 downregulation aggravated the myocardial injury again. PI3K/AKT pathway was activated by MSC‐EV. These findings provide insights into how H19 shuttled by EV mitigates cardiac remodeling through a competitive endogenous RNA network regarding miR‐29b‐3p and CDC42.