Developing a scale for examining the perspective of university students on parental care

IntroductionWith the declining birth rate and increasingly aging population in Japan, an increased care burden may be placed on the family and the younger generation will address challenging circumstances when they can care for their parents. This study aimed to develop a scale for examining the perspectives of Japanese university students on parental care and determines its reliability and validity.MethodsA web-based survey on a total of 408 Japanese students was adopted. This study performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to obtain the underlying factors of the scale. Reliability was verified using Cronbach's α coefficient and Spearman-Brown's split-half reliability α coefficient. Validity was verified through sample, criterion-related, and convergent and discriminant validity.ResultsIn total, the study identified a three-factor 11 item-scale. Cronbach's α for the scale was 0.901, and the Cronbach's α and split-half reliability α coefficients of each factor were greater than 0.7. Three factors explained 64.6% of the total variance. The model indicators were χ2/df = 2.241, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.951, incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.951, TLI = 0.942, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.078 (p