ED012. Potencial efecto del cambio climático en la biodiversidad de invertebrados del suelo en Yasuní

Climate change is a current global problem induced anthropically, which predicts drier and warmer future conditions with strong drought events and high temperatures for much of the Amazon region. Additionally, negative repercussions on ecosystem function mediated by the edaphic fauna (i.e decomposition of organic matter) are expected. Based on these projections, the focus of this study is on the impact of warming and drought on the structure of soil invertebrate communities in an Amazonian tropical forest through their response in terms of abundance, diversity, and functional groups to drought exposure and/or increased temperature. The experimental design was carried out in the Yasuní National Park, in an area of 15 × 20 m with 40 × 45 cm quadrants to expose them to a 3 °C increase in surface soil temperature and drought induction by installing small roofs that isolate water. Preliminary results are shown with the processing of 20 % of samples. The morphospecies under study were grouped into clusters according to their function. Additionally, the effect of the treatments was overlapped according to the NMDS (Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling) analysis, suggesting that there is little difference between them. Moreover, the most abundant groups were those of ants and mites. In this way, it will be possible to show if this trend is maintained or changed when processing 100 % of the samples. This research demonstrates that understanding soil biodiversity can help us reconnect ecosystem services with soil biodiversity, in search of maintaining a balance in their functions. El cambio climático es una problemática actual global inducida antrópicamente, que predice condiciones futuras más secas y cálidas con fuertes eventos de sequía y altas temperaturas para gran parte de la región amazónica. Adicionalmente, se esperan repercusiones negativas en la funcionalidad del ecosistema mediada por la fauna edáfica (ej. descomposición de la materia orgánica). En base a estas proyecciones, el enfoque de este estudio se centra en el impacto del calentamiento y sequía en la estructura de comunidades de invertebrados del suelo en un bosque tropical amazónico mediante su respuesta en términos de abundancia, diversidad y grupos funcionales ante la exposición a sequía y/o al aumento de temperatura. El diseño experimental se llevó a cabo en el Parque Nacional Yasuní, en un área de 15 × 20 m con cuadrantes de 40 × 45 cm para exponerlos a un aumento de 3 °C en la temperatura del s