Prevalence of chondromalacia patella according to patella type and patellofemoral geometry: a retrospective study

BACKGROUNDThe relationships between the morphometric structure of the patellofemoral joint, patella type and chondromalacia patella are still a matter of debate. OBJECTIVETo identify the prevalence of chondromalacia patella by determining the patella type and making patellofemoral morphometric measurements. DESIGN AND SETTINGRetrospective cohort study in an orthopedics and traumatology clinic in Turkey, conducted between June 2017 and November 2019. METHODSThis study involved 562 knees of 522 patients with anterior knee pain (246 males and 316 females; mean age 46.59 years). The patients were grouped according to presence of chondromalacia patella (group I) or absence of chondromalacia patella (group II). The patella type, lateral trochlear inclination, medial trochlear inclination, trochlear angle, sulcus angle, patellar tilt and Insall-Salvati index were assessed. Group comparisons were made using chi-square tests or Student t tests. The r value was used to determine the magnitude of relationships between pairs of variables. RESULTSAmong the 562 knees evaluated, 265 (50.71%) presented type I patella, 195 (36.7%) type II, 100 (12.3%) type III and 2 (0.3%) type IV. Group I consisted of 448 knees and group II consisted of 114 knees. Significant differences were found between the groups in terms of age, gender, patella type and lateral inclination angles (P