To what extent the weight changes impact the risk of hypertension among menopausal women: insights from Tehran lipid and glucose study

The association between weight change and incident hypertension (HTN) in menopausal women has not been well characterized. This study aimed to determine whether weight changes after menopausal years make a difference in incidents of hypertension. This population-based study was performed using data collected from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study cohort (1999-2018). Women who had natural and early menopause were followed up every 3 years. Data gathering was performed through the standard protocol of the study. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariable Cox hazard regression analysis. We used the 'survival' package in the R software version 3.6.0 to fit survival models. A total of 487 menopausal women met the inclusion criteria; 62.6% had natural menopause and remained had early menopause. Among the participants, 65.5% experienced HTN. The highest proportion of participants had > 5% weight gain, while the lowest had 3-5% weight gain. Either losing body weight (lost > 5%: HR: 0.44; CI 95%, 0.32, 0.62; p 5% (HR: 0.69; CI 95%, 0.51, 0.91; p = 0.01), were associated with decreased risk of HTN after adjustment for confounders. In this study, weight loss and gain have a protective impact on the development of HTN in subjects. For incident HTN, age (HR: 1.04 (1.01, 1.08), p = 0.004), fasting blood glucose (HR: 1.01, CI 95%:1.00, 1.01; p