Effect of Drying on the Antioxidant Capacity and Concentration of Phenolic Compounds in Different Parts of the Erythrina americana Tree

The Erythrina americana tree has been widely studied for its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, principally of the seeds. Few studies have focused on the other tree parts. This work evaluated the effect of drying on the proximate chemical composition, IC50, and total phenolic content (TPC) of different parts of the plant from Erythrina americana. Proximate chemical composition showed significant differences between parts of the plant. Tree bark (TB) exhibited higher protein content, crude fiber, and ash. The IC50 value was significantly different in all parts of the plant; the leaves exhibited lower amounts necessary to reach this value. The drying process had a positive influence on the antioxidant activity in all parts of the plant, with mature flowers (MF) and young flowers (YF) samples. These were the samples that required the lowest concentration of all dry samples to reach the IC50 value. The TPC values showed significant differences between fresh and dry samples except for MF, according the ANOVA and Tukey test (P≤0.05). In conclusion, the drying process has potential for retaining the antioxidant activity in YD and MF.