Inhibition of testosterone-mediated benign prostatic enlargement of orchiectomized Sprague-Dawley rats by diets supplemented with bio-elicited peanut sprout powder (BPSP) and three new BPSP-extracted natural compounds identified

[Display omitted] •Dietary supplements to relieve benign prostatic enlargement syndrome are targeted.•BPSP-supplemented diets were effective to inhibit testosterone-mediated BPE.•Three new BPSP-extracted compounds bearing antioxidative activities were identified.•New identified along with known BPSP bioactive compounds conferring BPE inhibition. Along with clinical benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) management, searching for dietary supplements to relieve and/or prevent syndrome is needed. In this study, the orchiectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with diets supplemented with bio-elicited peanut sprout powder (BPSP) and testosterone injected to mediate BPE. The mediated prostate/body ratio increase was significantly inhibited by diets supplemented with 3.2 g BPSP kg−1 bw. Prostatic catalase and superoxide dismutase activities of the rats fed with 3.2 and 6.4 g kg−1 bw were significantly higher than rats fed with 0 g kg−1 bw. As BPSP subjected to extraction, purification and instrumental elucidation, three new natural compounds were assigned and their antioxidative capacities at 100 µM were equivalent to 93.6, 83.9 and 84.7 µM of trolox, respectively. The new identified potent antioxidants along with the known antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and phytoestrogenic stilbenoids in BPSP-supplemented diets leading to the observed inhibitory effectiveness on testosterone-mediated BPE is of merit.