CD3+CD8+CD28− T Lymphocytes in Patients with Lupus Nephritis

The results of studies on the C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - cells in SLE are inconsistent since several analyses describe C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - as either immunosuppressive or cytotoxic. The aim of this study is to inquire whether the quantitative changes of C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - T lymphocytes subpopulation are related to the clinical status of patients with lupus nephritis. Evaluation of Foxp3 expression on C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - cells may shed some light on functional properties of these cells. 54 adult SLE patients and 19 sex and age matched healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. There were 15 patients in inactive (SLEDAI ≤ 5) and 39 in active (SLEDAI > 5) phase of disease. We determined absolute count of C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - and C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - F o x p 3 + subpopulations by flow cytometry. We observed a statistically significant increase in absolute count and percentage of C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - in SLE patients compared to HC ( p < 0.001 ). Moreover there was significant positive correlation between increasing absolute count of C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - cells and disease activity measured by SLEDAI ( r s = 0.281, p = 0.038 ). Active LN patients had increased absolute count of C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - cells compared to HC. Positive correlation of C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - number with disease activity, and lack of Foxp3 expression on these cells, suggests that C D 3 + C D 8 + C D 28 - lymphocytes might be responsible for an increased proinflammatory response in the exacerbation of SLE.