Impact of sugar industries of kushinagar district (U.P.) on water quality: Using remote sensing and Geographical information System (GIS)

Quality of water is an important aspect for drinking and other related requirement. Water has been the most exploited natural resource due to ever increasing demand of man for food, cloth, industrialization. In the present study effect of sugar effluent on water quality at given region in two seasonal conditions i.e. pre rainy season and post rainy season and the sampled data was analyzed separately for pH, Total dissolved solid (TDS), Nitrate, Phosphate, Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and Chemical oxygen Demand (COD) and followed by G.I.S. to develop respective maps. It was found that the pH value was alkaline in pre rainy season and slightly acidic in post rainy season. TDS was found high in 66% area during pre rainy season and 74.6% in post rainy season above permissible limit . In pre rainy season 83.4% area and in post rainy season 98.4% area contains high electrical conductivity .In pre rainy season BOD was found more than 6mg/l in 80.9% in pre rainy season and in 84.2% area in post rainy season. COD was found above prescribed limit (>10mg/l) in 59.5%area in pre rainy season and in 93.6% area in post rainy season 33.3% area contain high phosphate in pre rainy season 46.03% area contains high phosphate in post rainy season .Nitrate was found in permissible limit in pre rainy season 46.6% area was found to contain nitrate in post rainy season 7.1% of the geographical area is having fluoride concentration more than 1.5mg/l and 28.5% area is having fluoride concentration below the normal limit .Thus 35.6% of total area is not suitable for drinking purpose.6.34% area contain fluoride above prescribed limit