Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic COVID-19 is persistent and critical for survival

Understanding how antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 evolve during infection may provide important insight into therapeutic approaches and vaccination for COVID-19. Here we profile the antibody responses of 162 COVID-19 symptomatic patients in the COVID-BioB cohort followed longitudinally for up to ei...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature communications 2021-05, Vol.12 (1), p.2670-2670, Article 2670
Hauptverfasser: Dispinseri, Stefania, Secchi, Massimiliano, Pirillo, Maria Franca, Tolazzi, Monica, Borghi, Martina, Brigatti, Cristina, De Angelis, Maria Laura, Baratella, Marco, Bazzigaluppi, Elena, Venturi, Giulietta, Sironi, Francesca, Canitano, Andrea, Marzinotto, Ilaria, Tresoldi, Cristina, Ciceri, Fabio, Piemonti, Lorenzo, Negri, Donatella, Cara, Andrea, Lampasona, Vito, Scarlatti, Gabriella
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Understanding how antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 evolve during infection may provide important insight into therapeutic approaches and vaccination for COVID-19. Here we profile the antibody responses of 162 COVID-19 symptomatic patients in the COVID-BioB cohort followed longitudinally for up to eight months from symptom onset to find SARS-CoV-2 neutralization, as well as antibodies either recognizing SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens and nucleoprotein, or specific for S2 antigen of seasonal beta-coronaviruses and hemagglutinin of the H1N1 flu virus. The presence of neutralizing antibodies within the first weeks from symptoms onset correlates with time to a negative swab result (p = 0.002), while the lack of neutralizing capacity correlates with an increased risk of a fatal outcome (p = 0.008). Neutralizing antibody titers progressively drop after 5–8 weeks but are still detectable up to 8 months in the majority of recovered patients regardless of age or co-morbidities, with IgG to spike antigens providing the best correlate of neutralization. Antibody responses to seasonal coronaviruses are temporarily boosted, and parallel those to SARS-CoV-2 without dampening the specific response or worsening disease progression. Our results thus suggest compromised immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike to be a major trait of COVID-19 patients with critical conditions, and thereby inform on the planning of COVID-19 patient care and therapy prioritization. Antibody responses are critical for protection from developing severe COVID-19 following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here the authors show that antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein correlate with neutralizing capacity and protection, are not affected by heterologous boosting of influenza or common cold immunity, and can last up to 8 months.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-021-22958-8