Green supply chain finance strategies with market competition and financial constraints

In the context of sustainable development, market competition is intensifying, and financial constraints have emerged as a significant hindrance to green project investment. Green Supply Chain Finance (GSCF), characterized by long-term collaboration, has emerged as a crucial financial approach to mitigate corporate financial limitations and channel capital flows into environmentally friendly industries. We propose a two-echelon supply chain with one supplier and two competing retailers over a single period and investigate ordering, sales, and financing decisions simultaneously under competition. Retailers constrained by financial considerations may secure GSCF or traditional bank financing (BF) loans. This study investigates the influence of competition on pricing and sales strategies during the selling season. The results demonstrate that retailers select between clearance and responsive selling strategies based on the level of market competition. During the ordering season, retailers share the product market equally when interest rates are uniform, and the supplier formulates a supply chain contract while considering the financing interest rate. In the presence of differential interest rates, retailers may not always opt for the GSCF, even when they offer an interest rate advantage, due to the comprehensive impacts of operational and financial strategies. Remarkably, competitive retailers do not choose the GSCF when their initial green investment capital surpasses a certain threshold.