Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation alone or in combination with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in poststroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This study aimed to comprehensively review the effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) alone or in combination with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on improving upper limb motor functions and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with stroke, and to explore possible efficacy-related modulators. A literature search from 1st January 2004 to 1st June 2024 was performed to identified studies that investigated the effects of rPMS on upper limb motor functions and ADL in poststroke patients. Seventeen studies were included. Compared with the control, both rPMS alone or rPMS in combination with rTMS significantly improved upper limb motor function (rPMS: Hedge's g = 0.703, p = 0.015; rPMS + rTMS: Hedge's g = 0.892, p