THE EFFECT OF REPRODUCTION ON PRODUCTIVITY AND SOWING TRAITS OF SPRING BARLEY

Spring barley in theNorth Caucasusis an important grain, fodder and technical grain crop. It is found out that during the reproduction of spring barley varieties, its gradual deterioration occurs as a result of mechanical and biological clogging, splitting and increase in the level of infection. Thus, there is a periodic need to update the seeds of the used spring barley varieties. The purpose of the research is to describe the dynamics of changes in the sowing and yielding qualities of spring barley seeds during their reproduction. The purpose of the research was to study main sowing and yielding properties of seeds during their reproduction. According to standard methods, germination energy, laboratory germination, growth force, 1000-kernel weight and the intensity of initial growth were determined in laboratory conditions. For the study, there were taken original first year breeding seeds (OS (PR-1)) and second year breeding seeds (OS (PR-2)), breeding nursery (OC, E), basic seeds (ЭС), the first reproduction seeds (RS-1) grown in the southern part of the Rostov region in 2016–2017. The most important indicators of their sowing qualities are seed purity, grain size, germination energy, germination capacity and growth force. It was found that on average the germination energy index, depending on the seed category, ranged from88.0 inreproductive seeds (PC-1) to 94.0% in the first year breeding nursery (OS (PR-1)). The difference between germination energy and laboratory germination ranged from 4.3 to 7.0%. It has been identified that productivity and 1000-kernel weight tend to decrease from the highest reproductions (breeding nursery) to the lowest ones (reproduction seeds). The highest yield of proper seeds was obtained in the breeding nursery of the first year (OS (PR-1)) – 85.5%, which exceeded the values of reproduction seeds by 4.6%.