Salt stress responses in foxtail millet: Physiological and molecular regulation

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.), a member of the Paniceae family, is a temperate and tropical grass species that is widely cultivated on the Eurasian continent. It is Chinese in origin and possesses a small genome, short growth cycle, and strong natural abiotic stress resistance. Elucidating the mechanism of millet tolerance to salt stress is becoming increasingly important with increasing soil salinization limiting crop productivity. The responses and mechanisms of tolerance to salt stress from other model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice, were compared with those from foxtail millet to summarize current research on responses to salt stress. Numerous processes are involved in these processes, including physiological reactions, sensing, signaling, and control at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic levels. To increase crop productivity and agricultural sustainability, a variety of technologies can be used to investigate how salt tolerance is mediated by physiological and molecular processes in foxtail millet.