Initial response of human bone marrow-derived stem cells after contact with ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) material: An in vitro study on cell viability and interleukin-6 expression

Introduction: Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a thermoplastic polymer useful in biomaterial applications, especially in orthopedic field. Yet, little is known concerning its initial effect on human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) after implantation. Materials and Methods: A cytotoxicity analysis was performed with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium assay after 24, 48, and 72h of incubation of hBMSC culture. Expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell viability was measured with Inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) formula. Results: All treatment groups showed a cell viability of >50% ranging from 78% to >100%. Lower expression of IL-6 of hBMSC compared to control group was found in 48h of incubation period. Conclusion: hBMSC showed high cell viability after initial contact with UHMWPE material. Modulation of IL-6 expression was present at the initial stage as a response to foreign material.