Performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with palm oil ethyl ester combined with fumigated ethanol on a dual fuel mode

The performance and emissions of a diesel engine operated in dual fuel mode are presented with a direct injection main fuel of palm oil ethyl ester (POEE) and a carburetor-fumigated supplementary ethanol. The low-activity ethanol was supplied by up to 0.36 g/s at a constant engine speed of 3000 rpm under load variation without engine re-calibration. The results of the engine test have shown the continuous reduction of engine performance from increasing ethanol vaporization on the dual fuel mode, compared with POEE and regular diesel on normal mode operation. However, the fuel saving of POEE on the dual fuel mode was raised by 40% compared with POEE on the normal mode. Outstandingly, the POEE combined with adding ethanol fumigation identified the continuous abatement of carbon dioxide, nitric oxide and particulate matter while carbon monoxide was immensely increased.