Prevalence and associated risk factors of pneumonia in under five years children using the data of the University of Gondar Referral Hospital

Pneumonia is the major killer of children under five ages than any other illness in the world. Thus, the main aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and associated risk factors of pneumonia among under-five-year children using the data of the University of Gondar referral hospital. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 270 children were selected by systematic sampling technique. The source of the data for this study was primary data. Data were entered and cleaned using Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Multinomial logistic regression models were used in this study. The prevalence of pneumonia among children under five was 18.5%. Multinomial logistic regression analysis result showed history of diarrhea (AOR = 2.130, 95% CI: 1.343–9.594), completely immunized (AOR = 0.131, 95% CI: 0.020−0.849, p value = .033), exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months (AOR = 0.108, 95% CI: 0.040−0.292, p value = 0.000), household history of ALRI (AOR = 3.142, 95% CI = 1.213–8.140, p value = 0.018), and crowded house (AOR = 3.908, 95% CI = 1.511–10.108, p value = 0.005) were statistically significantly associated with childhood pneumonia. The prevalence of pneumonia in this study is high. The results of the multiple multinomial logistic regression analysis models show that children who had a history of diarrhea for one month, immunization history, breastfeeding of the child, household history of ALRI, and children living in an overcrowded house were found to be statistically significant factors for pneumonia.