Revisión bibliográfica sobre la prevención del cáncer en personas inmigrantes residentes en España

Background: Secondary prevention of breast cancer, cervix and colon is performed by screening. Spain in the last decade has presented a major wave of migration; it is known that immigrants have more inequalities in access to health services compared to the native population. The objective is to review the published studies and identify gaps in research on cancer prevention among immigrants living in Spain. Methods: We have conducted a scoping review. The sources of information were the databases Medline (Pubmed) and MEDES - medicine in Spanish (1998-2012). We used three thematic filters: concerning to Cancer, immigration and geographic. Inclusion criteria were studies of cancer prevention and health of immigrants from Latin America, Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe and developed in Spain. We developed an ad hoc data collection protocol. Results: We included five studies of 237 reviewed. The included studies are written in English and published in journals with impact factor. Most studies have used country of origin as the immigration variable 80 % of the studies conducted cross-sectional surveys. Immigrant population had a lower participation of early detection of breast and cervical cancer. Women reported to be sex workers were more likely to be human papillomavirus positive for high risk types. Conclusion: There is little information on cancer prevention through screening programs in the immigrant population. It is important to evaluate and improve the screening circuits and registries to implement programs to better identify the most vulnerable population groups. Fundamentos: La prevención secundaria del cáncer de mama, cuello uterino y colon se realiza mediante cribado. España en la última década ha presentado una importante oleada de migración, es conocido que los inmigrantes presentan más desigualdades de acceso a los servicios de salud respecto a la población autóctona. El objetivo es identificar lagunas en la investigación sobre la prevención del cáncer en los inmigrantes residentes en España. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica. La fuente de información fueron las bases de datos Medline/ Pubmed y MEDES-MEDicina en español y el período de búsqueda entre 1998 y 2012. Se utilizaron tres filtros temáticos: relacionados con cáncer, inmigración y geografía. Los criterios de inclusión fueron estudios de prevención del cáncer y la salud de la población inmigrante procedente de Latinoamérica, África, Asia y originario de Europa del Este y desarro