Relations between rural development projects and urban migration: the Koykent Project in Turkey Efeitos resultantes de projetos para o desenvolvimento rural na migracao urbana: o projeto Koykent na Turquia

In Turkey, migration from rural areas to the cities began in the 1950s. Although various rural development approaches were discussed in the 1960s and 1970s, none of them was successfully put into practice. In 2000, Koykent, one of these rural development approaches was started in the borough of Mesudiye. This study examines the effect of the Koykent Project on the migration from rural areas to cities. The results show that the project affected the migration in two ways. First, the tendency of rural residents to migrate to the cities decreased. Second, the tendency of urban residents, who had previously migrated from villages to cities, to return to their home villages increased. Key words: Mesudiye, Turkey, rural urban migration, rural development, Koykent Project. Na Turquia, a migracao de areas rurais para a cidade teve inicio na decada de 1950. Embora varias abordagens tenham sido discutidas no sentido de desenvolver as zonas rurais, nos anos de 1960 e 1970, nenhuma dessas tentativas foi bem sucedida. Em 2000, foi implementado o Projeto Koykent no Municipio de Mesudiye. Esse estudo procurou examinar os efeitos do Projeto Koykent na migracao de areas rurais para as zonas urbanas. Os resultados mostraram que o projeto afetou a migracao de duas formas. Primeiro, a tendencia de migracao das zonas urbanas para as zonas rurais diminuiu. Segundo, a tendencia daqueles que residiam na zona urbana e que haviam migrado da zona rural foi de retornar ao seu lugar de origem. Palavras-chave: Mesudiye, Turquia, migracao urbana e rural, desenvolvimento rural, Projeto Koykent.