Selection of common bean genotypes with higher macro- and micromineral concentrations in the grains

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes of different grain types as to macro- and micromineral concentrations, as well as to select superior genotypes by the multiplicative index. A total of 22 common bean genotypes were evaluated in experiments carried out in the dry and rainy seasons. The concentration of six minerals (potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper) was determined, and the multiplicative index was applied to individual and combined experiments. There was a significant effect of the genotype × environment interaction on the concentration of all minerals, and, when the genotype effect was decomposed into grain types, the genotypes differed as to the concentration of three or more minerals. There is genetic variability in the concentration of macro- and microminerals in the common bean genotypes evaluated in the dry and rainy seasons. In the combined experiments, high heritability estimates (≥ 62.60%) and a greater total genetic gain (283.59%) are observed. The multiplicative index applied to combined experiments allows the selection of superior common bean genotypes of the following grain types: red (Amendoim comprido and Light Red Kidney), cranberry ('BRS Executivo' and 'Hooter'), and carioca ('IPR Siriri'), which have high phosphorus and iron concentrations; Amendoim comprido also stands out for its high potassium concentration. Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade genética de genótipos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris) de diferentes tipos de grãos quanto à concentração de macro e microminerais, bem como selecionar genótipos superiores pelo índice multiplicativo. Um total de 22 genótipos de feijão foi avaliado em experimentos conduzidos nas estações seca e chuvosa. A concentração de seis minerais (potássio, fósforo, magnésio, ferro, zinco e cobre) foi determinada, e o índice multiplicativo foi aplicado a experimentos individuais e combinados. Houve efeito significativo da interação genótipo x ambiente sobre a concentração de todos os minerais, e, quando o efeito de genótipo foi decomposto em tipos de grãos, os genótipos diferiram quanto à concentração de três ou mais minerais. Há variabilidade genética na concentração de macro e microminerais nos genótipos de feijão comum avaliados nas estações seca e chuvosa. Nos experimentos combinados, são observados altas estimativas de herdabilidade (≥ 62,60%) e maior ganho genético total