Genetic association of lipids and lipid-lowering drug target genes with Endometrial carcinoma: a drug target Mendelian randomization study

Aberrant lipid metabolism is intricately linked to the development of endometrial cancer, and statin lipid-lowering medications are regarded as promising adjunctive therapies for future management of this malignancy. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causal association between lipid traits and endometrial cancer while assessing the potential impact of drug targets on lower lipids on endometrial cancer. Two-sample Mendelian randomization was employed to probe the causal association between lipid traits and endometrial carcinoma. Drug-target Mendelian randomization was also utilized to identify potential drug-target genes for managing endometrial carcinoma. In instances where lipid-mediated effects through particular drug targets were notable, the impacts of these drug targets on endometrial carcinoma risk factors were investigated to bolster the findings. No causal association between genetically predicted lipid traits (LDL-C, TG, TC, and HDL-C) and EC was found in two-sample Mendelian randomization. In drug target Mendelian randomization, genetic modeling of apolipoprotein B (APOB) (OR [95%CI]=0.31, [0.16-0.60]; =4.73e-04) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) (OR [95%CI]=1.83, [1.38-2.43]; =2.91e-05) genetic mimicry was associated with non-endometrioid carcinoma. The results of our MR study revealed no causal association between genetically predicted lipid traits (LDL-C, TG, TC, and HDL-C) and EC. Among the six lipid-lowering drug targets, we observed a significant association between lower predicted APOB levels and higher CETP levels with an increased risk of endometrioid carcinoma. These findings provide novel insights into the importance of lipid regulation in individuals with endometrial carcinoma, warranting further clinical validation and mechanistic investigations.