ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine elicits monoclonal antibodies with cross-neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 viral variants

Although the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination has been studied extensively at the polyclonal level using immune sera, little has been reported on the antibody response at the monoclonal level. Here, we isolate a panel of 44 anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from an individual who...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cell reports (Cambridge) 2022-05, Vol.39 (5), p.110757-110757, Article 110757
Hauptverfasser: Seow, Jeffrey, Graham, Carl, Hallett, Sadie R., Lechmere, Thomas, Maguire, Thomas J.A., Huettner, Isabella, Cox, Daniel, Khan, Hataf, Pickering, Suzanne, Roberts, Rebekah, Waters, Anele, Ward, Christopher C., Mant, Christine, Pitcher, Michael J., Spencer, Jo, Fox, Julie, Malim, Michael H., Doores, Katie J.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Although the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination has been studied extensively at the polyclonal level using immune sera, little has been reported on the antibody response at the monoclonal level. Here, we isolate a panel of 44 anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from an individual who received two doses of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine at a 12-week interval. We show that, despite a relatively low serum neutralization titer, Spike-reactive IgG+ B cells are still detectable 9 months post-boost. Furthermore, mAbs with potent neutralizing activity against the current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (Alpha, Gamma, Beta, Delta, and Omicron) are present. The vaccine-elicited neutralizing mAbs form eight distinct competition groups and bind epitopes overlapping with neutralizing mAbs elicited following SARS-CoV-2 infection. AZD1222-elicited mAbs are more mutated than mAbs isolated from convalescent donors 1–2 months post-infection. These findings provide molecular insights into the AZD1222 vaccine-elicited antibody response. [Display omitted] •AZD1222 vaccination elicits monoclonal antibodies with potent neutralization•Vaccine antibodies target epitopes overlapping infection-induced antibodies•Vaccine antibodies have broad neutralization activity against VOCs, including Omicron•Despite low serum neutralization, Spike-reactive B cells are detected at 9 months Seow et al. isolate antibodies following double vaccination with AZD1222. Isolated antibodies target epitopes overlapping with the epitopes of infection-derived antibodies and show potent neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), including Omicron. Despite low serum neutralization at 9 months post-vaccine, Spike-reactive B cells are detected.
ISSN:2211-1247
2211-1247
DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110757