History of registered Gyr breed in Brazilian Northeast: population structure and genetic improvement of growth traits/Historico da raca Gir registrada no Nordeste brasileiro: melhoramento genetico em caracteristicas de crescimento e estrutura populacional
This paper provides an evaluation of the population structure, phenotype and genetic trends of registered Gyr herd cattle in northeast Brazil The study provides important baseline information for the management, conservation and potential population expansion of this economically and culturally impo...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Ciência rural 2010-06, Vol.40 (6), p.1385-1391 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng ; spa |
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Zusammenfassung: | This paper provides an evaluation of the population structure, phenotype and genetic trends of registered Gyr herd cattle in northeast Brazil The study provides important baseline information for the management, conservation and potential population expansion of this economically and culturally important cattle breed. Pedigree data were analyzed for individuals born between 1964 and 2006. Body weight values were adjusted to 205 and 365 days of age for animals born between 1978 and 2006. Phenotypic change of zebu Gyr in northeast Brazil is solely due to environmental improvement. However, there is potential for artificial selection for weight gain in young cattle. Effective population size decreased during the 1990s and the average inbreeding coefficient increased during the studied period. An increase of the effective population size of Gyr in northeast Brazil is strongly recommended, along with an increase in the management of the mating process to prevent inbreeding and to maintain the genetic variability of the breed. Key words: effective size of the population, generation interval, genetic trend, inbreeding. Com o intuito de fornecer subsidios para programas de conservacao, selecao e expansao da raca Gir no Nordeste do Brasil, objetivou-se avaliar o historico do rebanho Gir registrado no nordeste brasileiro, com base na sua estrutura populacional e no progresso genetico e fenotipico de caracteristicas de desenvolvimento ponderal. Foram utilizadas informacoes de pedigree de animais nascidos no periodo de 1964 a 2006 e dados dos pesos ajustados aos 205 e 365 dias de idade de bovinos nascidos de 1978 a 2006. O progresso genetico para a raca no Nordeste foi ocasionado exclusivamente pelo melhoramento ambiental. O tamanho efetivo da populacao reduziu a partir da decada de 90, e o coeficiente de endogamia medio aumentou durante o periodo estudado. E imprescindivel que o tamanho efetivo da raca Gir do nordeste seja ampliado e que haja maior controle de acasalamentos entre individuos aparentados, para prevencao da endogamia e conservacao da variabilidade genetica e viabilidade da raca. Palavras-chave: endogamia, intervalo de geracao, tamanho efetivo, tendencia genetica. |
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ISSN: | 0103-8478 1678-4596 |
DOI: | 10.1590/S0103-84782010000600023 |