Synthesis, spectral characterization, lethal dose (LD50) and acute toxicity studies of 1,4-Bis(imidazolylazo)benzene (BIAB)

The preparation and spectral identification of new heterocyclic azo ligand 1,4-Bis(imidazolylazo)benzene (BIAB) was prepared by reacting a diazonium chloride salt solution of 1,4-diaminobenzene with imidazole in alkaline ethanolic solution. Differing spectral techniques have been used to study the structure of the azo dye ligand (BIAB) such as Elemental analysis (C.H.N), 1H-NMR, Mass spectrum, UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM and thermal analysis (TGA-DTA). The pathogenic activities of the synthesized ligand (BIAB) was tested in vitro against the sensitive organisms Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative) as antibacterial and Aspergillus Niger and Candida albicans as antifungal. The activity data show that the ligand (BIAB) higher antibacterial and slightly antifungus activity in comparison to the standard antibacterial (Amoxicillin) and antifungal (cycloheximide) drugs. The acute toxicity studies (LD50) was calculated using by Miller and Tainter methods (Estimated Probity Units) for the calculation of LD50. In this study, different doses (600, 1000, 1300, 1800, 2500 and 3600 μg/ml) of the (BIAB) was administered orally to the different groups of mice. The results exhibited high acute toxicity with LD50 of 1020.23 mg/kg upon intraperitoneal administration in mice. The antioxidant properties of the ligand was examined using the DPPH radical scavenging technique. IC50 was also determined at 224.17 μg/ml. •BIAB has been prepared, spectrally characterized and bioactivity assays (antimicrobial, anti-oxidative and LD50).•(BIAB) was tested in-vitro for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus Niger and Candida albicans.•(BIAB) have been shown to have acute toxicity lethal doses (LD50) 1020.23 mg/kg.•The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is 224.17 μg/ml. Imidazole, FE-SEM, XRD, Antibacterial, LD50, IC50.