Physical function assessment scales used in rehabilitation for upper limb lymphedema: a scoping review

Purpose: The aim of this scoping review was to identify the physical function assessment scales for the rehabilitation treatment of upper limb lymphedema. This review was conducted to establish a consensus on assessment scales for use in clinical practice worldwide.Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, and OTseeker) were searched. Search strategy included identified search terms. Articles were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: A total of 411 results were retrieved, and 16 articles were analysed after screening. We identified 13 types of physical function assessment scales and six functional categories. Disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand (n = 9), range of motion (n = 6), and grip strength (n = 4) were the most commonly reported assessment scales.Conclusions: Current assessment scales in upper limb lymphedema are dominated by patient-reported outcome measures, motion, and strength. However, the gold standard for physical function assessment scales in upper limb lymphedema remains uncertain. In the future, there is a need to standardize or develop physical function assessment scales that reflect the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment in patients with upper limb lymphedema.