Terapia hormonal en la menopausia vía transdérmica: un asunto de eficacia y seguridad. Artículo de revisión

Introduction: vasomotor symptoms (VMS) associated with menopause tend to reduce the quality of life of women, generating eloquent discomfort. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is the standard in the treatment of menopausal symptoms, being the only treatment that has been shown to be effective for VMS.Objective: to describe the efficacy and safety of transdermal menopausal hormone therapy (THM TD) to alleviate the symptoms of menopause.Materials and methods: a systematic review of the literature was carried out in different electronic databases (CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, Scopus, Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed, among others), through standardized search terms. Outcomes evaluated included studies where any TD MHT treatment or intervention was published in women treated for menopausal symptoms, percentage relief of climacteric symptoms, and proportion of associated adverse events.Results: 45 publications were included, and they agree to recommend treatment with MHT TD, in view of a relief of climacteric symptoms close to 90%, as well as being safer and potentially more effective than oral therapy; with normal results in the mammographic evaluation, and without related adverse events after 5 years of follow-up.Conclusions: Transdermal hormone therapy in menopause is safe and effective in relieving menopausal symptoms. By avoiding hepatic metabolism, it achieves better clinical benefits while minimizing exposure to adverse events. The reviewed publications show that the transdermal route is the best way to treat the symptoms of menopause. Introducción: los síntomas vasomotores (SVM) asociados a la menopausia suelen disminuir la calidad de vida de las mujeres, al generar un elocuente malestar. La terapia hormonal de la menopausia (THM) es el estándar en el tratamiento de los síntomas de la menopausia, siendo el único tratamiento que ha demostrado ser eficaz para los SVM. Objetivo: describir la eficacia y seguridad de la terapia hormonal de la menopausia vía transdérmica (THM TD) para aliviar los síntomas de la menopausia. Materiales y métodos: se hizo una revisión sistemática de la literatura en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas (CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, Scopus, Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed, entre otras), a través de términos de búsqueda estandarizados. Los desenlaces evaluados incluyeron los estudios donde se publicó cualquier tratamiento o intervención con la THM TD en mujeres tratadas por síntomas de la menopausia, porcentajes de alivio de los síntomas climatéricos y proporció