The risk of type 2 diabetes in the native population of highlands Aksay of Kyrgyzstan

Objective: Highlands Aksay of Naryn region of Kyrgyzstan has specific natural and climatic conditions and located at altitude of 3000 m above sea level. We aimed to study 10-years risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the native population of highlands Aksay of Naryn Region of Kyrgyzstan. Methods: Overall, 152 indigenous people (50 men and 102 women) of highlands Aksay of Naryn region (3260-3680 m) were studied using one-step sampling. The study was random, subjected to the conditions of singleness and territoriality. FINDRISС questionnaire was used to calculate the risk of T2DM. Results: Women of highlands Aksay had a significantly higher prevalence of waist circumference (WC) 80 cm, body mass index (BMI) 25 kg/m2 and irregular intake of fruits and vegetables, whereas men showed irregular intake of fruits and vegetables, BMI 25 kg/m2, and WC 94 cm. Conclusion: The features of the 10-year-old risk of developing T2DM in the indigenous people of the highlands of Kyrgyzstan include the predominance of abdominal obesity and the irregular intake of fruits and vegetables. When stratifying the risks of developing T2DM, low risk predominates, and a very high risk does not occur. The prognosis of the indigenous people of the highlands of Kyrgyzstan regarding the risk of developing T2DM depends on phenotypic factors and living conditions in the highlands, with hypoxia playing the leading role. Among the mountain people of Kyrgyzstan, metabolic factors are dominated by abdominal obesity and, probably, to reduce the risks of developing diabetes, along with the fight against other negative factors, regular intake of vegetables and fruits is effective.