Impacto en la calidad de vida percibida en pacientes COVID-19 en función del sexo

Objective. To compare the health-related quality of life perception (HRQoL) after COVID-19 according to sex. Methodology. Cross-sectional study in post-COVID patients attending neumology and internal medicine consultation rooms at Complejo Asistencial de Zamora, diagnosed from COVID-19, at least 3 months before. HRQoL was evaluated using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Results: 192 patients were included, 91 women (47,4 %), aged 57±13. 127 patients (66,0%) obtained EQ-5D Index < 1, what means a decrease in their HRQoL. Comparative analysis according to sex showed women had higher difficulties for daily activities (38 [41,3%] vs. 22 [21,6%]; p=0,003), usual pain/discomfort (50 [54,3%] vs. 35 [34,3%]; p=0,005), anxiety/depression (48 [52,2%] vs. 38 [37,3%]; p=0,037). Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was higher among men (69,8±18,7 vs. 63,1±19,5; p=0,016), as well as EQ-5D Index (0,84±0,22 vs. 0,76±0,25; p=0,023). Multivariate linear regression confirmed women had a worse HRQoL perception with independence of the rest of the analyzed factors, in EQ-5D Index [b (IC95%): -0,090 (-0,153 a -0,026)] as well as VAS [b (IC95%): -6,858 (-12,083 a -1,633)]. Discussion: Female sex is a significative risk factor for a worse self-perceived quality of life in patients who had suffered from COVID-19, with a high incidence of anxiety, depression, pain, and limitations for daily activities. These problems were more prevalent in women, who showed significant lower differences in the EQ-5D index and the VAS scale compared to men. Objetivo. Comparar la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) tras la COVID-19 en función del sexo. Metodología. Estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal en pacientes post-COVID de neumología-medicina interna del Complejo asistencial de Zamora, diagnosticados de COVID-19 al menos 3 meses antes. La CVRS se valoró mediante el cuestionario EQ-5D-5L. Resultados. Se incluyeron 192 pacientes, 91 mujeres (47,4 %), edad 57±13 años. 127 pacientes (66,0%) reflejaron un EQ-5D Index < 1, lo que supone una merma en su CVRS. En el análisis comparativo en función del sexo, las mujeres manifestaron mayor dificultad para las actividades cotidianas (38 [41,3%] vs. 22 [21,6%]; p=0,003), dolor/malestar de forma habitual (50 [54,3%] vs. 35 [34,3%]; p=0,005) y ansiedad/depresión (48 [52,2%] vs. 38 [37,3%]; p=0,037). La Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) fue mayor en hombres (69,8±18,7 vs. 63,1±19,5; p=0,016), así como el EQ-5D Index (0,84±0,22 vs. 0,76±0,