Mediastinal tuberculous abscess: A rare presentation after renal transplant

Despite successful renal transplantation, the risk of opportunistic infections posttransplant is a major concern. Cases of mediastinal tuberculous abscess are rare with nonspecific presentation. Here, we describe the case of a 55-year-old renal transplant recipient with complaints of fever, recurrent hiccups, and generalized weakness. Moreover, only after high-resolution computed tomography and microbiological examination of the aspirate of the abscess fluid, the diagnosis was confirmed as mediastinal tuberculosis (TB) with abscess formation. The use of immunosuppressants was the probable risk factor. Thus, a keen observation along with a high degree of suspicion should be kept to diagnose and thereby reduce the morbidity and mortality due to mediastinal TB in posttransplant recipients.