Biological Control and Plant Growth Promotion by Volatile Organic Compounds of Trichoderma koningiopsis T-51

spp. are widely used in plant disease control and growth promotion due to their high efficacy and multiple biocontrol mechanisms. T-51 is an effective biocontrol agent against gray mold disease by direct contact. However, the indirect physical contact biocontrol potential of spp. is not clear. In this study, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by T-51 showed high inhibitory activity against plant pathogenic fungi and . The percentage of and mycelial growth inhibition by T-51 VOCs was 73.78% and 43.68%, respectively. In both and , conidial germination was delayed, and germ tube elongation was suppressed when exposed to T-51 VOCs, and the final conidial germination rate of decreased significantly after T-51 treatment. The VOCs from T-51 reduced the fruit rot of tomato compared with that noted when using the control. Moreover, the T-51 VOCs significantly increased the size and weight of seedlings. Twenty-four possible compounds, which were identified as alkenes, alkanes, and esters, were detected in VOCs of T-51. These results indicate that T-51 can exert biological control by integrating actions to suppress plant disease and promote plant growth.