Examining the impact of socioeconomic and demographic factors on women's health: A survey-based study of menstrual hygiene, pregnancy, and postpregnancy care in the Gonds Tribe of Sonbhadra, Uttar Pradesh

The Gonds tribe, indigenous to the Sonbhadra region in Uttar Pradesh, India, faces unique challenges and disparities in women's health, particularly in the domains of menstrual health, pregnancy, and postpregnancy care. This study aims to shed light on the demographic patterns of these critical aspects of women's health among the Gonds tribe, providing valuable insights for healthcare interventions and policy development. This study explores the demographic and socioeconomic factors affecting Gond women's health, focusing on menstrual hygiene and life stages before, during, and after pregnancy. We collected data on menstruation wellness behaviors, pregnancy experiences, and postpregnancy care by conducting an extensive survey among Gonds women in the Sonbhadra area. In addition, focus groups and qualitative interviews were used to acquire greater knowledge of the socioeconomic and social factors impacting these health-distinctive characteristics. The Chi-square test shows no significant link between age group and menstrual hygiene product use. Young women (under 18) mostly use cotton cloth (56%). Women aged 18-49 prefer cotton cloth (53.2%). Women 50+ use cotton cloth (43.2%), cotton (29.7%), and sanitary napkins (27%). Marital status affects product use and cycle regularity. Cultural beliefs and education influence healthcare decisions. Menstrual hygiene mainly involves cotton cloth (45%) and cotton (26.1%). In conclusion, our analysis uncovers key insights: Marital status, healthcare access, education, cultural beliefs, and reproductive health practices influence community healthcare decisions. These findings inform tailored interventions to enhance health outcomes and equity.