The resolution of unilateral claims and maritime features by other countries on Indonesia’s sovereign rights in the North Natuna Sea through the PAC to strengthen the maritime fulcrum in Indonesia

Maritime zones in bordering countries often meet and overlap, leading to disputes such as contested areas, overlapping areas, excessive claims, and unilateral claims. Indonesia, as a non-claimant country, faces a unilateral claim dispute affecting its sovereign right in the North Natuna Sea due to China having made unilateral claims to sovereignty and control of the Traditional Fishing Ground area, which contradicts the UNCLOS. This paper presents research on the settlement strategy, using a qualitative method and interpretative research philosophy. The results suggest that Indonesia can take PCA steps to resolve the issue, as it cannot take ICJ or ITLOS steps due to Indonesia’s non-participation in the delimitation dispute but the country affected by unilateral claims from China and the need for agreement between parties. The appropriate step is to seek clarification and a decision from the PCA to resolve this issue. The advantage of opting for the PCA Step is that the absence of the State in the tribunal does not preclude the continuation of arbitral proceedings, allowing for effective and efficient completion without requiring consent from the other party. This research highlights the importance of addressing maritime disputes in the South China Sea.