COGNITIVE DISORDERS AND THEIR TREATMENT IN HYPERTENSION

The brain is one of the natural target organs of arterial hypertension (AH). According to the data of numerous studies, the most early and common signs of brain damage in hypertension is cognitive disorder (CD). These are usually subcorticalfrontal in nature, which is expressed in reducing the rate of cognitive activity, fluctuations of concentration, lack of planning and control, moderate memory impairment and constructive praxis. Development of more severe and progressive mental disorders, lack of nominative speech function may indicate the accession of a concomitant neurodegenerative process, the risk of which in hypertension is increased as well. Early and correct treatment of the underlying disease significantly reduces the probability of CD progression in patients with hypertension. For the prevention of CD progression non-pharmacological methods are widely used such as cognitive training, systematic exercise, optimization of diet. Medication includes neurometabolic drugs with neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties (Cerebrolysin, etc.), memantine, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and some other drugs.