Non-invasive thoracic electrical bioimpedance technique-derived hemodynamic reference ranges in Chinese Han adults

A large-scale, forward-looking research investigation of the hemodynamic state markers in China has not been wholly reported. [...]it is necessary to establish ethnicity-specific hemodynamic reference ranges for the Chinese Han population and evaluate the relationship between these parameters and age/sex, in order to promote efficient and accurate judgment in clinical practice. Following electrocardiography signals and the digital processing of the TEB, the processor extracted data describing the systemic hemodynamics of the subject, including values for blood flow (cardiac output [CO], cardiac index [CI], stroke volume [SV], and stroke index [SI]), contractility and left ventricle performance (left cardiac work [LCW], pre-ejection period [PEP], and left ventricular ejection time [LVET]) and afterload (systemic vascular resistance [SVR], mean arterial pressure [MAP], and thoracic fluid conductivity [TFC]). Prior studies demonstrated that there is an obvious correlation between the values for hemodynamic data obtained by the TEB technique and by pulmonary artery thermodilution (r = 0.818) and pointed out that the former method was intended to act as an alternative method for hemodynamic monitoring. The rate of variation in the TEB technique is lower than that of the above-mentioned method. Since the 1990s, the TEB technique has been increasingly used for the monitoring of hemodynamic status, which has promoted the application of the TEB technique to a stage where its theory is used to guide daily clinical practice.