Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 as a possible marker of COPD in smokers and ex-smokers
Oxidative stress and systemic inflammation are higher in smokers and patients with COPD; however, markers that may help differentiate between smokers and patients with COPD have not yet been identified. We hypothesized that tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor (TNFR) and soluble form of the receptor...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2017-01, Vol.12, p.2015-2021 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Oxidative stress and systemic inflammation are higher in smokers and patients with COPD; however, markers that may help differentiate between smokers and patients with COPD have not yet been identified. We hypothesized that tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor (TNFR) and soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) can be indicators of COPD in asymptomatic patients.
We evaluated 32 smokers (smoking history >10 pack-years), 32 patients with mild/moderate COPD (smokers and ex-smokers), and 32 never smokers. Concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, TNFR1 and TNFR2, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and the sRAGE were measured in serum.
There were higher CRP and AGEs concentrations in smokers and in patients with COPD ( |
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ISSN: | 1178-2005 1176-9106 1178-2005 |
DOI: | 10.2147/COPD.S138558 |