Comparative efficacy of traditional conservative treatment and CT-guided local chemotherapy for mild spinal tuberculosis

Background There are considerable differences in the treatment strategy for spinal tuberculosis, including conservative or surgical procedures. Conservative treatment is always suitable for most patients. This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of traditional conservative treatment with CT-guided local chemotherapy strategy of mild spinal tuberculosis. Methods This research retrospectively analysed 120 patients with spinal tuberculosis between January 2005 and January 2016 according to the diagnostic criteria of mild spinal tuberculosis. In total, 89 patients underwent traditional conservative treatment, 31 underwent CT-guided local chemotherapy. Clinical outcome, laboratory indexes, and radiological results were analysed to provide a clinical basis for the choice of mild spinal tuberculosis treatment. Results All cases achieved a clinical cure with 24 to 50 months followed up. Cobb angle of the two groups spinal tuberculosis segments was 6.25 [+ or -] 3.1100B0, 5.69 [+ or -] 2.5800B0 before treatment and 12.36 [+ or -] 6.3100B0, 14.87 [+ or -] 7.2600B0 after treatment, respectively. The VAS scores were significantly decreased post-treatment. At the 1 month follow-up, the VAS scores and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were significantly differences between the two groups. The efficacy in the CT-guided local chemotherapy (Group B) was better than the traditional conservative treatment (Group A). But from the 3 months follow-up to the last follow-up, the VAS scores and ESR was no significant differences between the two groups and the average ESR decreased to normal. There was no evident kyphosis, symptoms or neurological deficits at the final follow-up. The paravertebral abscesses had disappeared, with no significant progression of local kyphosis, significant absorption and clear lesion edges, pain relief and normal ESR in the two groups. Conclusions For mild spinal tuberculosis, traditional conservative treatment can achieve satisfactory results. The strategy combined with CT-guided local chemotherapy treatment is minimally invasive, beneficial for the drainage of paravertebral abscesses and pain relief. Keywords: Conservative treatment, Clinical outcome, Spinal tuberculosis, Kyphosis