Valorization of extracts from maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) and calafate (Berberis microphylla) biowaste blends by supercritical fluid and pressurized liquid extraction

Maqui and calafate biowastes were fractionated using emerging technologies such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) to obtain bioactive compounds. An extraction pressure of 450 bar and 60 °C temperature were the optimal conditions for SFE, which produced an 8.48 % extraction rate and 2011.6 μg TE/g oil antioxidant capacity. The optimal conditions for PLE included 60 °C temperature and 3 extraction cycles; values were 10.19 %, 2285.21 μg TE/mL, 11.28 μg GAE/ml, and 540.25 mg eq cya-3-glu/ml or 501.13 mg eq dpd-3-glu/ml for percentage extraction, antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol content, and total anthocyanin content, respectively. Temperature affected the process in both techniques by degrading antioxidant compounds in SFE and facilitating PLE penetration by softening the plant matrix. Serial extraction and biowaste blends increased the content of nutrients with health benefits, especially the maqui/calafate biowaste blend (BB-M/C (75/25). A combination of the SFE and PLE methods produced enriched fractions with different lipophilic and hydrophilic compound profiles from BB-M/C. This could be an innovative approach to obtain new bioactive compound blends of industrial interest. Schema 1. Sequential extraction for supercritical fluid extraction (SFE, Spe-ed SFE-2, 7071, Appl. Separation) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE, Dionex ASE 350, Thermo Scientific) for maqui/calafate biowaste blend BB-M/C (50/50) to obtain lipophilic extracts (LP), hydrophilic extracts (HP), and flour that is high in dietary fiber, protein, and minerals. BB-R1: maqui/calafate biowaste blend free of lipophilic components; BB-R2: maqui/calafate biowaste blend free of wet lipophilic components. [Display omitted] •Maqui/calafate biowaste blends showed significant lipid and protein contents•Fractionation enabled lipophilic and hydrophilic compound extraction from blends•Treatments of blends exhibited high lipophilic selectivity with 12 % yield•High yields of hydrophilic compounds were related to temperature and cycles•Extracts displayed varied fatty acid, tocopherol, and tocotrienol profiles