Butyric Acid from Probiotic Staphylococcus epidermidis in the Skin Microbiome Down-Regulates the Ultraviolet-Induced Pro-Inflammatory IL-6 Cytokine via Short-Chain Fatty Acid Receptor

The glycerol fermentation of probiotic ( ) in the skin microbiome produced butyric acid in vitro at concentrations in the millimolar range. The exposure of dorsal skin of mice to ultraviolet B (UVB) light provoked a significant increased production of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine. To...

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Veröffentlicht in:	International journal of molecular sciences 2019-09, Vol.20 (18), p.4477
Hauptverfasser:	Keshari, Sunita, Balasubramaniam, Arun, Myagmardoloonjin, Binderiya, Herr, Deron Raymond, Negari, Indira Putri, Huang, Chun-Ming
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Acetolactate synthase Acetolactate Synthase - metabolism Animals Anti-inflammatory agents Attenuation Butyric acid Butyric Acid - pharmacology Chain branching Cytokines DNA damage Down-Regulation - drug effects Down-Regulation - radiation effects Drug resistance Edema Enzymes Epidermis Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism Female Fermentation Glycerol Glycerol - pharmacology Histone deacetylase Inflammation Inflammation - pathology Inflammatory diseases Interleukin 6 Interleukin-6 - metabolism Keratinocytes Lipid peroxidation Lipids Metabolites Methicillin Mice, Inbred ICR microbiome Microbiomes Microbiota - drug effects Microbiota - radiation effects Microorganisms Peptides Phenols probiotic Probiotics Probiotics - pharmacology Pyruvic acid Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism Risk analysis Risk factors S. epidermidis Signal transduction Skin Skin - drug effects Skin - microbiology Skin - pathology Skin - radiation effects Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus epidermidis - chemistry Starch Studies Tricarboxylic acid cycle Tumor necrosis factor-TNF Ultraviolet Rays UVB
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Zusammenfassung:	The glycerol fermentation of probiotic ( ) in the skin microbiome produced butyric acid in vitro at concentrations in the millimolar range. The exposure of dorsal skin of mice to ultraviolet B (UVB) light provoked a significant increased production of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine. Topical application of butyric acid alone or with glycerol remarkably ameliorated the UVB-induced IL-6 production. In vivo knockdown of short-chain fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) in mouse skin considerably blocked the probiotic effect of on suppression of UVB-induced IL-6 production. These results demonstrate that butyric acid in the metabolites of fermenting skin probiotic bacteria mediates FFAR2 to modulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by UVB.
ISSN:	1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067
DOI:	10.3390/ijms20184477