Clinical and epidemiological characterization of patients receiving home care in the city of Maceió, in the state of Alagoas, Brazil

Abstract Objective: To clinically and epidemiologically characterize patients receiving home care in the city of Maceio, in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study with a sample of 859 patients was carried out, based on data obtained from the medical records of institutions that provide a home care service. A total of 445 patients were from a public service and 414 were from a private service. Descriptive analysis was used for the demographic, clinical and functional variables. Results: Most patients were elderly, female, bedridden, fed orally and had neurological disorders, with stroke the most common diagnosis. Regarding patient evolution, 16.8% of individuals were discharged from home care, 45% of patients died and 24% were hospitalized during the period of home care. A total of 9% of patients had a tracheostomy, 84.7% breathed room air, 9.3% used oxygen, 4% used noninvasive mechanical ventilation, 1.9% used invasive mechanical ventilation, and 24.9% of patients had pressure ulcers. All patients received medical visits, with 693 receiving nursing care, 767 undergoing physiotherapy, 233 receiving speech therapy sessions, 665 patients accompanied by a nutritionist, 64 undergoing occupational therapy sessions and 98 receiving counseling. Conclusion: It was noted that some results differed from literature and between the public and private service. This divergence could be related to the specific epidemiology of each region and the type of insurance paying for care (Unified Health Service or Private). Resumo Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica e epidemiologicamente os pacientes em atendimento domiciliar no município de Maceió, AL, Brasil. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo observacional de caráter transversal com a amostra de 859 pacientes, obtidos através de prontuários de instituições que prestam Serviço de Assistência Domiciliar, sendo 445 pacientes do serviço público e 414 do privado. Utilizou-se análise descritiva para as variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e funcionais. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes são idosos, do sexo feminino, acamados, alimentavam-se via oral, com quadro de doenças neurológicas, sendo o diagnóstico mais comum o Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE). Em relação à evolução do quadro: 16,8% pacientes receberam alta do atendimento domiciliar, 45% pacientes foram a óbito e 24% apresentaram internação hospitalar durante a assistência domiciliar. Em relação ao quadro clínico: 9% representa a totalidade