Forecasting of Chinese Primary Energy Consumption in 2021 with GRU Artificial Neural Network

In order to meet domestic energy demand, energy import trade volume is increasing year by year. [...]China should develop its own corresponding energy production plan to meet the rising domestic energy demand. Using Equation (16) to calculate the annual growth rate of the population, it can be inferred that the Chinese approximate growth rate of the population from 2016 to 2021 will be 0.25%. Since there is no authoritative estimate of import and export trade in the world, the initial growth rate, average growth rate and minimum growth rate can only be calculated based on historical data of growth. According to the calculated method of the above data, Chinese gross domestic product and population estimations from 2016 to 2021 are shown in Table 4. According to Equation (16), the annual growth rate is 10.9%.